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This series presents standards for formatting botanical data, prepared by the International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases for Plant Sciences (TDWG) to promote wider and more effective collaboration, dissemination and exchange of information among plant taxonomic databases.
R. K. Brummitt with assistance from F. Pando, S. Hollis, N. A. Brummitt and others. 2001. xv, 137 pp.; 17 maps; 8 1/2 x 11"; 1 lb. Stiff paper cover. $10.00 plus shipping and handling. ISBN 0-913196-72-X.
This scheme meets the need for a standard yet adaptable system of geographical units for use in recording plant distributions and arranging specimens. Because a purely political arrangement cannot meet all the needs of botanists, the scheme's arrangement compromises between a politically and a phytogeographically oriented system. It identifies geographic units worldwide in a four-level hierarchy, incorporating continents, regions, provinces and countries. Each geographical unit at each level has its own numeric or alphanumeric code. The scheme is presented in five tables, the recognized geographical units are shown in 17 maps, and a gazetteer relates over 2,100 names to the overall system.
The second edition comes some nine years after the first, and, inevitably includes some changes. Although the need for stability has been a major consideration, political realignments have forced new concepts. Some of these have necessitated changes at national level, such as the segregation of Eritrea from Ethiopia and division of Czechoslovakia into Czech Republic and Slovakia. Others are due to the recognition of new administrative units within larger countries, such as Nunavut in Canada, Uttaranchal in India and Chongqing in China. A few changes also have been made in order to make better phytogeographical sense, such as the separation of all Himalayan states from the main body of India, and the uniting of New Guinea and the Solomons to form Papuasia. Others are merely a matter of nomenclature brought about by political name changes. All innovations in the second edition are tabulated to assist database managers in adapting to the new edition.
No. 3. Plant Names in Botanical Databases
Frank A. Bisby. 1994. viii, 30 pp.; 8 1/2 x 11"; 6 oz. Stiff paper cover, $8.00 plus shipping and handling. ISBN 0-913196-62-2.
This standard clarifies how to determine what information is needed in order to specify scientific plant names and how to organize those names for botanical databasing purposes. Because databasing needs vary, this standard is flexible. It is divided into four variants or levels, and so it provides a scale of options for rendering plant names according to the degree of specificity needed. It identifies the elements that need to be considered—taxa, names elements (species, species aggregate, intergeneric hybrids and graft chimaeras, interspecific hybrids and graft chimaeras, intraspecific categories, subspecies, variety, cultivar), author strings, classes of names, and reference citations—and provides recommendations. This standard is useful for taxonomic reference databasing but may also meet the databasing needs of natural-history societies, nature reserves and conservation centers. Includes references and appendices.
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